雅思阅读长难句解析之缩句-刘倩倩

作者：新航道雅思教师-刘倩倩

先举个例子：

洁白可爱的小绵羊蹦蹦跳跳欢快活泼地在一望无垠的广阔草原上幸福愉快地吃着鲜嫩碧绿的青草。

这个句子基本可以浓缩为：小绵羊在吃草。

英语阅读的句子也可以这样分析，比较简单的方法是跳过修饰成分，也就是缩句。

英语中的修饰成分有定语，状语，同位语和插入语。但是有些同学分不清这些成分是什么意思，所以这里给大家总结一个比较简单的方法，如下：

1 介词短语跳过不看

2 时间地点状语不看

3 破折号和括号间的内容不看

4 逗号后的doing，to do和done的短语不看

5 名词后的从句不看

6遇到其他连接词，将句子从连接词处断开

例1：At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched(炎热的，干旱的) deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular(细胞的) fluids.
分析：At various points,  in evolutionary history, within many different animal groups，with them in blood and cellular(细胞的) fluids 都是介词短语，跳过不看；taking their own private seawater是逗号后的doing短语，跳过不看。

剩下的内容enterprising individuals moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts，虽然仍有简单的修饰词，已经很好理解了

例2：An alien civilization could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy(星系), //but many of these either require too much energy, //or else are severely attenuated (衰减的)while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy.
分析：of sending information,  across the galaxy(星系)是介词短语，跳过不看；but，or是连接词，在连接词处断句，前后看成单独的句子；while后是时间状语，跳过不看。

剩下的内容，An alien civilization could choose many different ways，//but many of these either require too much energy, //or else are severely attenuated. 是三个短句子，也比较容易理解

例3：The cosmic significance that the Egyptians placed in the 12 decans led them to develop a system in which each interval of darkness (and later, each interval of daylight) was divided into a dozen equal parts.

分析：that the Egyptians placed in the 12 decans 是名词后的定语从句，跳过不看；in which each interval of darkness (and later, each interval of daylight) was divided into a dozen equal parts.是名词后的定语从句，以及括号内容，都可以跳过不看。

剩下的The cosmic significance led them to develop a system.也很好理解了。

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