请先耐心把这篇文章看完。

做完题之后的精读以及对错题的分析很有必要。我们结合例子来了解下具体的要求。

精读建议如下（以TPO40-1 para. 3为例）：

The first steps toward change were taken by Solon in 594 B. C., when he broke the aristocracy's stranglehold（束缚） on elected offices// by establishing wealth rather than birth as the basis of office holding, abolishing（废除） the economic obligations（责任义务） of ordinary Athenians to the aristocracy, and allowing the assembly (of which all citizens were equal members) to overrule（推翻） the decisions of local courts（法庭） in certain cases. The strength of the Athenian aristocracy was further weakened during the rest of the century // by the rise of a type of government known as a tyranny, which is a form of interim（过渡的） rule by a popular strongman (not rule by a ruthless dictator（残暴的独裁者） as the modern use of the term（术语） suggests to us). The Peisistratids, as the succession（继承，继位） of tyrants were called (after the founder of the dynasty, Peisistratos), strengthened Athenian central administration at the expense of（以牺牲...为代价） the aristocracy // by appointing judges throughout the region, producing Athens’ first national coinage（货币）, and adding and embellishing（装饰，修饰） festivals that tended to focus attention on Athens rather than on local villages of the surrounding region. By the end of the century, the time was ripe（成熟的） for more change: the tyrants were driven out, and in 508 B C a new reformer, Cleisthenes, gave final form to the developments reducing aristocratic（贵族的） control already under way. 

本段大意：

1、Solon是雅典民主制改革的第 一人：打破贵族对贵族权利的控制+3个手段；

2、贵族权利被进一步削弱：通过tyranny政府；

3、Peisistratids加强雅典中央集权牺牲贵族利益+3个手段；

4、承上启下，暗示下段落新的改革者：Cleisthenes及其贡献。

精读小结

1、每句话分析主干和结构（用醒目颜色高亮）；

2、用分层符号//对长句进行断句处理，把握核心；

3、词汇结合语境积累，摘录整理背诵复习；

4、把握句间逻辑衔接，梳理段落层次；

5、段落主旨、各层次大意中文概括。

以上，就是给到大家托福阅读制胜法宝。希望大家可以积极行动起来，并坚持践行，前期越是精读精分析到位，后期越是轻松，问题也会越来越少。

详情可咨询新航道石家庄学校，小航在这里等你。