不知道很多同学是否有这种感觉在雅思学习的时候长难句的分析都不容易,尤其是在雅思阅读方面长难句更不好分析了,那么究竟有没有合适的技巧来分析长短句呢?下面就看小航给大家带来雅思阅读长难句分析技巧分享。
说白了,其实英语说难不难,说简单其实又不然,我们要懂得在平时的练习中学会去断句剖析,英语句子无非就是主谓宾,定状补等一些修饰名词的词性。其中我们可以使用简化句子的方式。
先举个例子:
洁白可爱的小绵羊蹦蹦跳跳欢快活泼地在一望无垠的广阔草原上幸福愉快地吃着鲜嫩碧绿的青草。
这个句子基本可以浓缩为:小绵羊在吃草。
英语阅读的句子也可以这样分析,比较简单的方法是跳过修饰成分,也就是缩句。
英语中的修饰成分有定语,状语,同位语和插入语。但是有些同学分不清这些成分是什么意思,所以这里给大家总结一个比较简单的方法,如下:
1 介词短语跳过不看
2 时间地点状语不看
3 破折号和括号间的内容不看
4 逗号后的doing,to do和done的短语不看
5 名词后的从句不看
6遇到其他连接词,将句子从连接词处断开
例1:At various points in evolutionary history, enterprising individuals within many different animal groups moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched(炎热的,干旱的) deserts, taking their own private seawater with them in blood and cellular(细胞的) fluids.
分析:At various points, in evolutionary history, within many different animal groups,with them in blood and cellular(细胞的) fluids 都是介词短语,跳过不看;taking their own private seawater是逗号后的doing短语,跳过不看。
剩下的内容enterprising individuals moved out onto the land, sometimes even to the most parched deserts,虽然仍有简单的修饰词,已经很好理解了
例2:An alien civilization could choose many different ways of sending information across the galaxy(星系), //but many of these either require too much energy, //or else are severely attenuated (衰减的)while traversing the vast distances across the galaxy.
分析:of sending information, across the galaxy(星系)是介词短语,跳过不看;but,or是连接词,在连接词处断句,前后看成单独的句子;while后是时间状语,跳过不看。
剩下的内容,An alien civilization could choose many different ways,//but many of these either require too much energy, //or else are severely attenuated. 是三个短句子,也比较容易理解
例3:The cosmic significance that the Egyptians placed in the 12 decans led them to develop a system in which each interval of darkness (and later, each interval of daylight) was divided into a dozen equal parts.
分析:that the Egyptians placed in the 12 decans 是名词后的定语从句,跳过不看;in which each interval of darkness (and later, each interval of daylight) was divided into a dozen equal parts.是名词后的定语从句,以及括号内容,都可以跳过不看。
剩下的The cosmic significance led them to develop a system.也很好理解了。
接下来我们再通过具体的句子,解析阅读中的长难句如何处理。
我们先来看一组句子,这是我在某一篇阅读中看到的长难句,也是较基本的句子。
Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greatly intellectual development.
译文 行为学家认为在具有激励氛围的环境中抚养孩子,能激发他适当行为的反应能力,这将极大促进其智力发展。
句式分析:整个句子的主语是黄色部分,谓语动词是紫色部分,从child 开始到较后就是一整个宾语从句,然后中间穿插了三个划线部分,我们一眼需要get到的关系代词---who,where,which,分别修饰child,environment,stimuli,一个套一个,将整个宾语从句表达的淋漓尽致。然后看玫红色部分will experience,就是我们的宾语从句中的谓语动词,后面的development是宾语从句中的宾语啦,千万不要想成是behaviorists 行为学家提升的智力发展这块哈。
我们再看一句
And it is imagined by many that the operations of common mind can be by no means compared with these processes ,and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special trainning.
译文:许多人认为,普通人的思维活动根本无法与科学家的思维相比较,认为这些思维过程必须经过某种专门训练才能掌握。
句子分析:这是典型的形式主语从句,by many 指就是许多人,真正的2个主语是在红色标注that后面,并以and 连接2个句子。而且注意不同的词的基础词义会在不同语境中会有所转变。
诸如此类的句式在雅思阅读中会出现得居多,你看,其实我们主要把握中心意思就ok,谁,在哪,做什么,然后中间就分别去修饰句子的主干部分,无论它怎么忽悠填充,把握核心,我们的整体感就有了,而且在平时阅读习惯中就养成脑中断句划分的习惯,一开始不适应可以用铅笔做划分,之后不用铅笔了,久而久之,我们会发现再难的英语长难句,也能把它剖析的一干二净。
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