1.fossil /'fɒs(ə)l/
n. 化石
e.g. The scientists dug up the fossils from the ground.
e.g. He uncovered the fossil remains of a large reptile.
补充：uncover  发现，发掘地下埋藏之物
remain n. 遗迹
fossil fuels 化石燃料：coal, oil, and natural gas
e.g. China is the world's largest consumer of coal, more than 60 percent of the nation's energy comes from the fossil fuel.
其他意思补充：思想僵化的人
Maybe I'm just a fossil, but I don't think this kind of music is appropriate for children.
2. archaeology /ˌɑːkɪ'ɒlədʒɪ/
n. 考古学
e.g. Daniel is very interested in history and archaeology, and often visits historic sites.
e.g. Excavating human remains is one of the most exciting parts of archaeology.
补充：excavate v.挖掘
adj. archaeological
e.g. Rich in its natural diversity, preserved Quechua culture and beautiful archaeological ruins, Peru is full of wonder and discovery.
3. ceramics /si'ræmiks/
n. 制瓷艺术；陶艺
剑桥11-3-1：They are going to show a short film that gallery has produced. It demonstrates how ceramics are made. And there will be equipment and materials for children to have a go themselves.
补充：Have a go at it myself 自己尝试下。
其他补充：
pottery 陶器
porcelain 瓷器
antique 古董
4. primitive /'prɪmɪtɪv/
adj. 原始的；未开化的
搭配：primitive tribe 原始部落
Primitive society 原始社会
e.g.  Primitive races colonized these islands 2,000 years ago.
colonize 在…开拓殖民地;将…建成殖民地
adj. 古老的；简陋的
e.g.  Early settlers had to cope with very primitive living conditions.
e.g. The technology they used was primitive and outdated.
补充：outdated 落伍的；过时的
5. clan /klæn/
n. 家族;宗族;氏族
e.g. Spotted hyenas live in large, mixed-sex clans with fairly stable social hierarchies-and the females are in charge. 斑点鬣狗生活在大型的雌雄混居的家族中，这种家族的社会等级相当稳定，而且由雌性主导。
补充：hierarchy 等级制度
搭配：a rigid hierarchy of social classes 严格的社会阶层等级
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