新航道完整版2021年11月20日雅思考试机经回忆

新航道石家庄学校为大家整理新航道完整版2021年11月20日雅思考试机经回忆。

2021.11.20

LISTENING

PART 1

Version

Toplc

新题

旅游咨询The southwest cycle lane

A向B咨询自行车观光事宜。主要分基础信息,路线和租借事项

1-10为填空悬

The southwost cycle lane

General information

1. Website: www. greenride.com

2. map

3. need a guide

Cycle route

4. a good place for bird-watching

5. £4: child seat

Hiring

6.It costs £9 for 5 hours

7. Call phone number 0267

8. during holiday

9. family

10. The car park is behind post ffice

PART 2

Version

Topic

旧题

11-15为地图匹配题

给新生介绍校园和指会

11. Student senvice centre :F

12. Health unit :E

13. Student centre: B

14. Intemational unit:A

15. Accommodation ffice : C

16-20为填空题

16.Every room has its own, shower

17. most food container have students' name on them

18. codes is needed when entering the dorm building

19. Laundry facilties stuate in basement of the hostel

20. TV and radio should be tumed off after 11 :30

Part 3

Version

旧题

讨论作家Agatha Christie

21-26为单选题

21. What's the similarity between Agatha and Shakespeare?

B. popular in public

22.What surprise olive the most when she read the Christie's book?

B. in simple words

23. What does the student say about the Christie's blography?

A. she always keeps a traditional way of thinking

24. What does the students say about Christie's novel being turned into a film?

C. The television programs are. not so successful as the cinema versions

25. What do students agree in terms of Christie's marriage?

C. her husband works have inspired her

26. What does all Olivia say about a journalists comment on Christie?

A. amused by stories a lot

27 -30为匹配题

27. The perlomance scrip-B. adapted to the local audience

28. The designof stage-- F. poople not surprisod at all

29. The light--C. too complicated

30. The costume--D. well researched

PART4.

Version.

Toplc

旧题

关于-项蜂视觉的研究

31-34为单选题

31. What surprised speaker about bees flying abllty?

A暂缺

B. complicated skills

C. small brain sizo

32. What makes optic flow efficient?

A暂缺

B. rapid movement

C. indistinctive color comparison

33. In S's experiment, how did he recognize bees

A暂缺

B. marked color

C. dip

34. What else did optic flow benefit bees?

A. measure the distance they've travelled.

B.暂缺

C. reduce the distance they have to make.

35-40为填空题

SPEAKING

People & Animal

Wild life

Pets and animals

Events

Extreme sports

Holiday

Watch stars

Environmental Protection

Relax

Car trip

Work & study

Getting up early

Festivals

Barbecue

Happiest New year

Weekend

Handwriting

Colors

Getting lost

Relax

Sky and stars

Public parks or gardens

Objects&Things

Wallet and purse

Special costumes

Farming

Walet

Stars

TV Programs

Traditional food

Night sky

Headphones

Shoes

Money

App

Technology at work

Places

Hometown

Home Country

Accommodation

Primary School

Room

Museum

Public parks and gardens

First school

Abstract

Advertisement

Being happy

Names

Science

Weather

Concentration

New Year

Part: 2&3

People & Animal

Describe your favorite singer or actor喜欢的歌手或演员

Describe a person who loves to do socialwork社会工作

Describe a writler you would ike to meet作家

Descibe a person who understands your fee ings and emotions懂你的人

Descibe a person who you think wears unusual dothes/special costumes穿着奇怪的人

Describe someone who is older thanyou that you admire尊敬的长者

Describe a personwho likes to help others乐于助人

Describe a person you know who is polite礼貌的人

Descibe a poltidan you know你了解的政治家

Describe a person who gave a clever solution to a problem给出聪明解答的人

Describe a creative person whose work you admire你尊敬的有创造力的人

Describe a foreign person who you have heard or known that you think is interesting你认识的有趣的外国人

Describe a famous athlete you know你知道的有名的运动员

Describe a musical person that you like喜欢的音乐人

Describe a person who impressed you the most in your primary school小学印象最深的人

Descibe a beatiful woman or men you have seen漂亮的人

Describe a visitor in your home你家里的访问者

Descibe a businessman you admire你尊敬的商人

Events

Describe an argument with your friend与朋友的争吵

Describe a time when you helped a friend帮助用友的经历

Descibe a time when you lost yourway迷路

Describe an occasion when many people were smilng微笑

Describe an occasionwhen you were not alowed to use your mobile phone不允许用手机的场合

Describe an event when you tried todo something but not sccessu.努力做了但没有成功的事

Describe a plan in your life (that is not related towork or study计划:

Describe a leisure ativity near/ on the sea that you want totry水上活动

Describe time when you shared something with others (or another person)分享

Des cribe an occasion when you ate something forthe frst time第 一次吃某种东西

Describe a Ive sport match that you have watched现场体育比賽

Des cribe a time you had to wait in line for a long time排长长的队

Describe a tine you had to encourage someone to do something he or she didnt enjoy doing鼓励别人做不喜欢的事情

Des cribe a time when it is important to tell your friend the truth告诉朋友事实

Des cribe a time when you had to use your imagination用想象力

Describe an activity that you do after school/work课后活动

Describe a time when you got dlose to wild animals.接近野生动物

Des cribe leisure activities at sea side海边的休闲活动

Describe a falure experience失败的经历

Describe a time when you got up early早起的经历

Describe a time youwere friendly to someone you didn't like对不喜欢的人友好

Describe a bigycle/ motorcycle/ car trip youwould like to go喜欢的自行车摩托车汽车旅行

Describe a dfficult decision you once made曾经做过的困难的决定

Des cribe an activity you usually do that wastes your time经常 做的浪费时间的事

Des cribe an adivity you usually do when study/work ends工作或者学习后做的事

Describe a time whenyou waited for something special that would happen等待可能发生的特别的事

Describe a skill that was dificult for youto leam很难学习的技术

Describe a time when you were misunderstood被别人误解的时候

Describe a plan in your life (that is not related towork or study)和工作学 习无关的计划

Objects/Things

Describe a piece of equipment that is the most important one in your family家中重要设备

Describe a natural talent (like sports, music and so on) you want to improve提高的天赋

Describe a puzzle(like a jigsaw or a cross word) you have solved谜语

Describe an art or crat actvity (e g. painting. woodwork, etc.) that youhad (at school)艺术品

Descibe an article on health you have read.关于健康的文章

Describe a toy you enjoyed playing when you were a kid.小时候喜欢的玩具

Descibe a toy you liked in your childhood.童年喜欢的玩具

Describe a thing that you bought and felt pleased about.满意的购物

Describe one thing you bought新买的东西

Describe your favourite movie.喜欢的电影

Describe a weather you like.喜欢的天气

Describe a topic you are interested in感兴趣的话题

Describe a short joumey you take regularly but you do notlike常规 且不喜欢的短途旅行

Describe a kind of street food街边小吃

Describe an activity you usually do when study/workends工作或者学习结 束后做的活动

Describe an exciting book that you enjoy reading 一本喜欢读的兴奋的书

Descibe an item on which you spent more than expected花费很多买的东西

Describe your favorite movie or film最喜欢的电影

Describe a good service you received得到的好的服务

Describe a habit your friend got that youwant to develop想发 展的朋友有的习惯

Places

Describe a town or a city where you would like to live in the future想居住的城镇

Describe a tall building in your city you like or dislike高楼

Describe a place you visited that has been affected by pllution污染的地方

Describe a quiet place you like to spend your time in安静的地方

Describe a place (not your home)where you are able to relax放松的地方

Des cribe someone's home you like but don't want to live in.不喜欢的家

Describe a company where you live that employs a lot of people大公司

Describe a outdoor market户 外市场

Describe a cafe you like to visit喜欢 去的咖啡店

Describe a place you visited on vacation去度假的地方

Describe a place that is crowded and lively拥挤 热闹的地方

Abstract

Describe a piece of local news that people are interested in本地新闻

Describe a law on environmental protection环保法律

Describe a time when you found out something interesting on the social media在社交媒体的趣事

Describe a skill that you think you can teach other people.教别人技能

Describe a perfect job you would like to have完美的工作

Describe a time you feel bored.感觉无聊的时刻

Describe a law should be made应该制定的法律

Describe a good service you received得 到的好的服务

Describe a habit your friend has and you want to develop朋友 有的好习惯

READING

Passage 1

Topic

The oldest leather shoes in the world

1-13为填空题

1.oil

2.暂缺

3. Cord

4-13.暂缺

Passage 2

Topic

The Plan to Bring an Asteroid to Earth

A:Send a robot into space. Grab an asteroid. Bring it back to Earth orbit This may sound like a crazy plan, but it was discussed quite seriously last week by a group of scientists and

engineers at the alifomia Instiute of Technology. The four-day workshop was dedicated to investigating the feasibility and requirements of capturing a near-Earth asteroid, bringing it

closer to our planet and using it as a base for future manned spacetight missins.

This is not something the scientists are imagining could be done some day off in the future.

This is possible with the technology we have today and could be accomplished within a decade.

"Once you get over the initial reaction- "You want to do what?!'一it actully starts to seem like a reasonable idea," said engineer John Brophy from NASAS Jet Propulsion Laboratory,

who helped organize the workshop.

B: Though reamanging the heavens may seem an excessive undertaking, the mission has its merits. Parking an asteroid in a gravitatinally neutral spot between the Earth and the sun, known as a Lagrange point, would provide a stationary base fom which to launch missions further into space. There are several advantages to this. For one, launching materials from Earth requires a lot of power, fuel, and consequently money, to get out of our planet's deep gravity well. Resources mined from an asteroid with very litle gravitational pull could be easily shutled around the solar system.

And many asteroids have a lot to offer. Some are full of metals such as iron, which can be used to build space- based ha bitats while others are up to one-quarter water, which would be

either used for liesupport or broken down into hydrogen and oxygen to make fuel. As well, asteroid regolth placed around a spacep hull would shield it against radiation fom deep space, alowing safer travel to other planets.

An asteroid could be an altemative to setting up camp on the moon, or complement a moon base with more resouroes for heading further out in the solar system, said engineer Louis Friedman, cofounder of the Planetary Societly and another co-organizer of the Callech workshop.

C: There's also the potential for mining asterold materials to bring back to Earth. Even a small asteroid contains roughly 30 times the amount of metals mined over all of human history, with an estimated worth of $70 tllion. And astronomers would have the chance to get a close-up look at one of the solar system's earliest rlis, generating important sclentific

data.

Though technically feasible, budging such a hefty target - - with a mass in excess of a millin tons一would not be easy.

"You're moving the largest mother lode imaginable,"E said former astronaut Rusty Schweickart, cofounder of the B612 Foundation, an organization dedicated to protecting Earth from asteroid strikesMost asteroids are iregular chunks of rock that spin chatically along rregular axes. Engineers would need to be absolutely certain they could control such a potentially dangerous object "It's the opposite of planetary defense; if you do something wrong you have a Tunguska event," said engineer Marco Tantardini from the Planetary Society, rering to the powerful 1908 explosion above a remole Russian region thought to have been caused by a meteoroid or comet Of course, any asteroid brought back under the proposed plan would be too small to cause a repeat of such an event.

D: Sil, these obstacles are like catnip to engineers, who love to go over every potential difiulty in order to solve it. Actually executing the asteroid retrieval plan would help demonstrate and greatly expand mankind's space-based engneering capabitties, said Friedman. For instance, the mission would teach engineers how to capture an uncooperaive target, which could be good practice for future planetary defense missions, he added. And if the challenges for a large asteroid seem too daunting, researchers could always start with a smaler asteroid, perhaps six to 30 feet across. Gradually larger objects could be part of a campaign where engineers learm to deal with progressively greater complcalions.

E: No matter the size of the asteroid, these plans would require hety investments. Even capturing a small asteroid would consume at least a blion dolars and anything larger would

be a mufibilindollar endeavor. Convincing taxpayers to foot such a bil could be tricky. Considering the resources available in any asteroid, private industry might be interested in

getting involved. One possible mission would be to simply execute the first part of the plan pushing the asteroid to nearEarth orbit 一and then convene a commercial competition

inting arnyone who wants to develop the capabilies to reach and mine the object.

Though the undertaking might be soentifally. exciting, this. wouldn't be the primary motivalion. An asteroid would provide great insight int the solar system's formation, it's not

enough to justify the expense of bringing one to Earth. Any interesting science can be done much cheaper with an unmanned robotic spacecraft, said chemist Joseph A Nuth from

NASA's Goddard Spaceflight Center."Ulimately, we would be developing this target in order to help move out into the solar system," Brophy said.

题目方面

14-18为list of headings

A. An available goal, not a dream

B. What the asterold can offer

C. Need skill and care

D. Start from a smaller challenge

E. Seek for support

14-18暂缺

19-21为匹配题

19. Louis Friedman B

20. Rusty Schweickart C

21. Joseph A Nuth E

22-26为填空题

22. Asteroid can offer

23. Less gravity

24. a landing place

25. Metal can be brought back to earth

26. Water can be used

Passage3

Topic

The causes of linguistic changes

Mechanism of Linguistic Change

The changes that have aused the most disagreement are those in pronunciation. We have varlous sources of evidence for the pronundations of earlier times, such as the spelings.

the treatment of words borrowed from other languages or borrowed by them, the descriptions of contemporary, grammanians and spelling-reformers, and the modem pronuncialions in all the languages and dialeds concermed. From the middle of the siteenth century, there are in England writers who attempt to descrbe the postion of the speech-organs for the production of English phonemes, and who invent what are in effect systems of phonetic symbols. These various kind of evidence, combined with a knowledge of the mechanisms of speech-produdion, can often give us a very good idea of the pronunciation of an eartier age, though absolute certainty is never possible.

When we study the pronunciaton of a language over any period of a few generations or more, we find there are always large-scale regularities in the changes: for example, over a

certain period of time, just about all the long [] vowels in a language may change into long[e:] vowels, or all the [bloconsonants in a certain position (for example at the end of a

word) may change into [p] consonants. Such regular changes are often caled sound laws. There are no universal sound laws (even though sound laws often reflect universal

tendencies), but simply particular sound laws for one given language (or dialect) at one given period.

It is also possible that fashion plays a part in the process of change. It certainly plays a part in the spread of change: one person imitates another, and people with the most prestige

are most lkely to be imitated, so that a change that takes place in one social group may be imitated (more or less acurately) by speakers in another group. When a social group goes

up or down in the world, s its pronuncation may gain or lose prestige. It is salid that, after the Russian Revolution of 1917, the upper-class pronundation of Russian, which had

formertly been considered desirable, became on the contrary an undesirable kind of accent to have, so that people tried to disguise it. Some of the changes in accepted

English pronunciation in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries have been shown to consist in the replacement of one style of pronunciation by another style already existing. and it is Ikely that such subsitutions were a result of the great social changes of the period: the increased power and wealth of the middle classes, and their steady infitration upwards into the ranks of the' landed gentry, probably carried elements of middle-class pronunciation into upper-dass speech.

A less specifc variant of the argument is that the imitation of children s is imperfect: they copy their parents' speech, but never reproduceit exacty. This is true, but it is also true

that such deviations from adult speech are usually corrected in later childhood. Perhaps it is more significant that even。adults show a certain amount of random variation in their

pronunclation of a gven phone me, even if the phonetic context is kept unchanged. This, however, cannot explain changes in pronunciation unless it can be shown that there is some systematic trend in the failures of imitation: if they are merely random deviations they will cancel one another out and there will be no net changein the language.

One such force which is often invoked is the principle of ease, or minimization of ffort. The change from fussy to fuzzy would be an example of assimilation. which is a very common kind of change. Assimilation is the changing of a sound under the infuence of a neighbouring one. Fon example, the word scant was once skamt，but the /mhas been changed to m/ under the infuence of the folowing Itw. Greater efficiency has hereby been achieved, because In/ and IV are articulated in the same place(with the tip of the tongue against the teth-ridge), whereas /m/ is articulated esewhere (with the two lips). So the place of articulation of the nasal consonant has been changed to confom with that of the fllowing plosive. A more recent example of the same kind of thing is the common pronunciaion of fooball as foball.

Assimilation is not the only way in which we change our pronunciation in order to increase effciengy. It is very common for consonants to be lost af the. end of a word: in Middle

English, word-final [-η] was often lost in unstressed sylables, so that baken "to bake'changed from [bak?n] t.and. later to.. Consonant-clusters are oten simplfied. At onetime

there was a [t in words like castle and Christmas, and an intial [K] in words like knight and know. Sometimes a whole sllable is dropped out when two successive syllables begin with the same consonant (haplology): a recent example is temporary, which in Britain s oten pronounced as i建were temporary.

27-30为填空题.

The pronunciation of living language undergo changes throughout thousands of years.

Large scale regular Changes are usually caled 27. sound laws. There are three reasons for these changes. Firsty, the infuence of one language on another; another aspect which

affect accent is 28.fashion.Secondly, 29.Children jimitate the words imperfect,and may also contibute to this change if there are insignificant deviations tough later they may be

corrected Finally, for those random variations in pronunciation, the deeper evidence lies in the 30. assimilation.

31-37为判断题

31. It is impossible for modem people to find pronunialion of words in an eartier age.False

32. The great change of language in Russian history is related to the nising status and fortune of middle classes. Not Given

33. AI the children learn speeches from aduts while they assume that certain language is difoult to imitate exactly. Not Given

34. Pronunciation with causal inaccuracy wll not exert big infuence on language changes.True

35. The link of 'mt can be infuenced being pronounced as. True

36. The [g] in gnat not being pronounced will not be spelt out in the future. Not Given

37. The sound of temporary' cannot wholly present its spelling. True

38- 40为匹配题

A Since the speakers can pronounce it with less effort

B Assimiation of a sound under the ifluence of a neighbouring one

C It is a trend for changes in pronunciation in a large scale in a given period